SUSTAINABILITY DEVELOPMENT INDEX (SDI) FOR HIGHRISE BUILDINGS WITH CONCEPT OF FIGURE OF MERIT

Ajit Sabnis1 , M R Pranesh

Abstract

Urbanisation is demanding for construction of high-rise buildings. Different materials are the essential components of construction. Energy is the basic requirement during the life cycle of a building. High-rise buildings are energy intensive. Impact of embodied energy in high-rise buildings is assessed through the concept of ‘Figure of Merit’ (FoM), an exclusive nondimensional parameter. FOM parameter represented as ZC accounts for two important engineering properties namely Modulus of Elasticity and Density of materials used in the construction process along with unit cost of material and cost of construction per unit area. This FoM equation is further integrated with other energy indicators including embodied energy, embodied carbon (CO2e), transport energy and other derived coefficients to give rise to a set of dimensionless interaction values designated as I1, I2 and I3. The complex interaction phenomena between the Construction Materials, Embodied Energy footprint and Global warming (CO2e) are simplified as: I1-Construction Materials and Embodied Energy interaction; I2- Embodied Energy and Global Warming Interaction; I3- Global warming and Construction materials Interaction. Three interaction phenomena results in the net outcome of Sustainability Development Index (SDI) enabling use of FoM as a tool in assessing the energy impact of construction materials on natural environment in the pre-construction and construction phases of building’s life cycle. The aim of this paper is to formulate a Sustainability Development Index which can be applied to assess the levels of sustainability of materials. SDI is expressed in terms of percentage of sustainability. SDI model has been developed based on three interaction factors. A case with SDI model has also been presented for formwork system.

Keywords: Embodied Energy, Embodied Carbon, High-rise buildings, Environmental Impact, Figure of Merit, Energy Efficiency, Global Warming, Sustainability Development Index, Construction Materials. –

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509027

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EFFECT OF CATIONIC BITUMEN EMULSION ON SHEAR STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF SOIL

Simarpreet Singh Batra, Jashandeep Singh Arora

Abstract

Soil is considered to be most basic construction material that has good shear strength due to the cohesion and internal friction among the soil solid particles. But due to much heavy loads coming from bridges, buildings etc. even soils having good shear strength can fail resulting in subsequent failure of the structures due to differential settlement. Many attempts have been made by numerous scholars in the history to increase the strength of soil by different methods including addition of lime, cement etc. Recent research is being carried to use non-traditional materials like Bitumen Emulsions etc. for improving the properties of soil. Bitumen Emulsions are usually dispersions of minute droplets of bitumen in water i.e. oil in water emulsions and are used to improve the cohesive strength of granular, low cohesion, low plasticity materials. They can also improve the integrity of road base, sub-base or sub-grade materials by resisting the damage caused by water. In this paper, the Direct Shear Test was conducted on soil with varying amount of Cationic Bitumen Emulsion (0%, 2%, 5%, 6% and 7%) to study the effect on Shear Strength parameters of the soil. The maximum shear strength of the soil was observed at 6% Bitumen Emulsion from the laboratory tests performed on the soil i.e. approximately 65% more shear strength by increasing Angle of Internal Friction but reduced Cohesionthan the soil without any Emulsion.

Keywords: Bitumen Emulsion, Cationic, Shear Strength, Direct Shear Test, Soil Stabilization.

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509026

MOBILE TARGET TRACKING USING PREDICTION SCHEME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Shilpa H B, M B Nirmala

Abstract

In this paper, discussing a target tracking scheme based on prediction method using Mobile Tracker in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Localization is playing a huge role in the field of application of WSN. If the exact location is not known, the interaction seems to be useless, if to whom the interaction should be done or from whom fetching the data or information are not known. So mobile target localization and tracking are needed research issues in WSN. The interaction between sensor nodes are considered in order to fetch the location information of the nodes. Tracking in WSN has wide variety of applications in surveillance of battlefield reconnaissance, intruder detection, habitat monitoring and investigations etc. It is important to save energy during tracking, as the sensor nodes are resource constrained. So proposing a mobile target tracking scheme based on prediction of faces called the PF-Tracking which aims to provide higher quality in tracking with higher energy efficiency. PF-Tracking has mobile node called Tracker which is a sink node responsible for tracking the mobile target. The algorithms are proposed to find like the location of target, face detection, face prediction and the exchange of information between the Tracker and the monitor.

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Localization, Surveillance, Energy Efficiency, Quality of Tracking.

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509025

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON BEHAVIOR OF ELEVATED WATER TANK WITH SOIL STRUCTURE INTERACTION SUBJECTED TO SEISMIC LOAD USING SAP 2000

Tejaswini M.S , Sridhar.R

Abstract

The Elevated water tank is incredibly necessary for the society, In this present work, comparative study of elevated water tank for different Zones of Zone 3 and Zone 5 was done by using the SAP 2000 Software and the structure is taken for comparative Study for different soil condition that is Soft, Medium and Hard Soil condition ,concluded the final result of displacement and Drift of the structure and also discussed the graph for Base shear and the time period graph. The different Water tank model shapes considered. i.e, Circular elevated tank with load and without load condition, Rectangular elevated tank with load and without load condition., Square elevated tank with load and without load condition.

Keywords: Tall structure, Regular, vertical Irregular, Lateral Displacement, Lateral Drift, Base Shear, Time period

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509024

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REGULAR AND VERTICALLY IRREGULAR BUILDING UNDER SEISMIC LOADING

Ravi Kiran , Sridhar.R

Abstract

It’s a very big challenge that building or structure must withstand lateral forces such as earthquake and wind load. In the present work, the comparative analysis of various structures is performed using SAP 2000. The main aim of the project is comparative study of the stiffness of the structure by considering the three models that is Regular Structure, Plan irregular structure and Vertical irregular structure. All these three models are analyzed with static and dynamic earthquake loading for the Zones II, III, IV & V. The results are tabulated and graphs are plotted for displacement, drift, base shear and time period. Based on the results and discussion the structural behavior and stiffness is concluded for regular and irregular structures, among these structures regular structure shown maximum displacement and drift for all the zones in both static and dynamic analysis.

Keywords: Tall structure, vertical Irregular, Lateral Displacement, Lateral Drift, Base Shear, Time period.

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509023

GRADING OF TOMATOES USING DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING ON THE BASIS OF COLOR

Sachi Agrawal, Sakshi Jha , Chitesh Dewangan

Abstract

This paper presents fruit quality grading system. Technological advancement is gradually finding its applications in the field of agriculture and food, in orderto overcome great challenge of needs of the increasing population. Grading and sorting of fruitsis one of the foremost necessary processes in fruits production, but this method is usually performed manually which is not efficient as it requires large number of laborers, and causes human errors. Image processing is employed for automated fruit grading based on features such as size and color of the fruit. This project will help in the development of a non destructive automated grading system with high accuracy, high speed and low cost. Development of this project will have applications in fruit quality detecting and grading in areas like food processing and trades where standardization is required.

Keywords: Grading, Sorting, Tomato, Image processing, Food processing.

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509022

IRS R2-LISS IV SATELLITE IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR MAPPING LITHOLOGICAL, GEOMORPHOLOGICAL, DRAINAGE AND STRUCTURAL FEATURES ALONG THE KALWAKURTHY – NALGONDA-HUZURNAGAR PROFILE, TELANGANA STATE, INDIA

G. Udaya Laxmi , K. Narsimha , Linga Swamy Jogu , Telu Raju , G.Ramadass

Abstract

The IRS-1D, LISS-IV satellite image of an area of 6744 Sq.km corresponding to the part of Mahabubnagar and Nalgonda districts of Telangana northwestern part of proterozoic Cuddapaha basin of Eastern Dharwar craton (EDC), India, was analyzed. Remote sensing data and geographic information system (GIS) were used to determine the geomorphological, geological, structural, drainage maps are prepared along with the existing maps. The zones of intersection of structural trends, resulting in circular drainage to oval shaped structural features, faults, dykes are mapped which could have acted as potential areas of minerals resources in the study region.

Keywords: Dharwar Craton, Peninsular Gneissic Complex , Lineaments, Driange, Geomorphology

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509021

EVALUATION OF CALORIFIC VALUE OF BIO-BRIQUETTE

G. Sireesh Kumar , C.J.Rao , S.K.Madhavi

Abstract

In developing countries more wastage is obtaining such as solid municipal wastage, agricultural wastages etc., and the problem of dumping arises. The effective utilization of that waste can solve that problem and also we generate power from those wastes. Hence the concept of bio-briquettes was introduced. Various technologies were used to made the briquettes such as screw extrusion, ramming, hydraulic pressing etc., At present briquettes are preparing from saw dust, rice husk, oil mill sludge etc., My paper presents the briquettes made from the palm tree branches mixed with coconut coir, saw dust, screw pine, Indian Bdellium tree powder in different proportions. The briquettes prepared in the different ratios of 100:0 with and without binder(PW100,PWO100), 100:50(PW50), 100:20 with and without binder(PW20,PWO20), 0:100 by using only additives(AW100). The proximate analysis was conducted and those are compared with the Indian coal. The moisture content is high for AW100(8.53%),ash content is for AW100 (12.2%),volatile content is forPWB100(86.9%),fixed carbon is for PW20(17.38%) and calorific value KJ/KG is for PWO100(19,351).

Keywords: Bio-Briquettes, Palm Tree Branches, Coconut Coir, Saw Dust, Screw Pine, Indian Bdellium Tree Powder, Proximate Analysis

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509020

EFFECT OF DELTA WINGS AND DEFLECTORS TO IMPROVE THE PRODUCTION IN ALGAL

Yogiraj K Shetty , Jayant M Modak

Abstract

In-order to meet the increasing demand of energy people are switching over to renewable source of energy. Bio-fuels to a larger extent has proven to be a very effective replacement to fossil fuel and hence stress is given on its production. Algal culture is gaining prominence. These algae are cultured in open raceway ponds and studies are being carried out to improve its efficiency. Hydrodynamics of water like vertical mixing, dead zone formation are few of the important parameters affecting the efficiency of raceway. Herein, study on the improvement of the hydrodynamics of a raceway from CFTRI has been done. Effectiveness of Delta wing (DW) in improving vertical mixing of pond was studied, furthermore parameters like DW angle of attack and number of DWs were optimized. In addition effectiveness of deflectors in solving the issue of dead zones at bends was studied.

Keywords: Algal pond, Delta Wings, Deflector, Vertical Mixing, Deadzones.

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509019

TREND ANALYSIS ON SOCIAL MEDIA USING NLP

Mohit Khatwani

Abstract

As we are heading towards Internet age resource demanding services are getting more and more popular. However size of these resources are growing rapidly, storage is becoming a problem. Natural Language Processing refers to ability of computer to process natural languages such as English, Marathi, Hindi, etc. Natural Language Processing is one of the most important stream in Artificial Intelligence,which helps computer understand an important part in which humans communicate. This paper focuses on trend analysis algorithms using Natural Language Processing. The result from this assessment shows how people think and are opinionated about different issues. For our result to be efficient these analysis techniques are applied among large masses. Nowadays we are surrounded by various platforms to give our opinion on something so it has become much easier to get the data.

Keywords: NLP, Twitter, Trend Analysis, and Social Media.

http://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0509018